Кушай, кушай

Link for Today's Lesson

Last on Lungs

Hey everyone. I don't have other choice than to post it online. So enjoy it here.

Learning outcomes:

Content: to be able to explain causes of asthma in Russia and overall Lungs structure.

Language: to be able to discuss your intensions about lungs.

1 (individual work). Read the text and make graphic organiser - Mind Map.

Asthma is common condition that affects the lungs in both adults and children. Approximately 10 percent of adults and 15 percent of children in the Russian Federation suffer from asthma. In addition, asthma is the cause of 80% death in children from 11 to 16 years old. Asthma is a chronic disease characterised by inflammation and fluid collecting in the tissues of the airway, and bronchospasms (constriction of the bronchioles), which can prevent air from entering the lungs. In addition, excessive mucus secretion can occur, which further contributes to airway closing. Cells of the immune system, such as eosinophils and mononuclear cells, may also be involved in infiltrating the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles.Bronchospasms occur periodically and lead to an “asthma attack.” An attack may be triggered by environmental factors such as dust, pollen, pet hair, or dander, changes in the weather, mould, tobacco smoke, and respiratory infections, or by exercise and stress.

2 (individual work). Watch the video and answer the questions (https://goo.gl/fdAGhB): Check if you know these words before watching.

unconscious flattening

to unload to exhale

intercostal to force

1. Why is it better that the lungs are spongy rather than empty like a balloon?
2. How do you think your breathing and lungs adapt when you're exercising?

DNA Extraction Lab. 9th Grade

Hey everyone. Before you start writing this lab let me remind you some necessary tips:
Whole Lab Report has to be written in PAST tense
There are Title, Purpose, Equipment, Procedure, Result, Conclusion stages which you can't ignore.
There is SAMPLE Lab Report which could give you much inside in what you have to do to get the best grade

Title: DNA Extraction

Purpose: To extract DNA from onion cells by using special simple techniques. To understand the role of each step of the work in getting DNA from the cell nucleus. To improve verification skills by communicating with classmates.

Equipment: onions, table salt, cold water, liquid detergent, ethyl alcohol.

Procedure:

First, you need to find something that contains DNA. Since DNA is the blueprint for life, everything living contains DNA.

Step 1: Slice the plant into many tiny pieces.

1/2 cup of split plant (100ml) 

1-2 teaspoons of table salt 

1/4 of cup of cold water.

So you now have a really thin plant-cell soup. 

Step 2: Soapy mass.

Pour your thin plant-cell soup through a strainer into another container (like a measuring cup) or leave it in the same cup. Add 2 tablespoons liquid detergent (about 30ml) and swirl to mix.
Answer this: Why detergent? How does detergent work? Think about why you use soap to wash dishes or your hands. After adding the detergent, what do you have in your plant soup?
Let the mixture sit for 5-10 minutes. Pour the mixture into test tubes, beakers or other small glass containers, each about 1/2 full.

Step 3: Alcohol Separation and so on.

DNA is a long, stringy molecule

Tilt your test tube and slowly pour rubbing alcohol (70-95%ethyl alcohol) into the tube down the side so that it forms a layer on top of the plant mixture. Pour until you have about the same amount of alcohol in the tube as plant mixture.

Alcohol is less dense than water, so it floats on top. Look for clumps of white stringy stuff where the water and alcohol layers meet.

DNA is a long, stringy molecule. The salt that you added in step one helps it stick together and suck out cytoplasm with all inner stuff from the cell. So what you see are clumps of tangled DNA molecules! 

DNA normally stays dissolved in water, but when salty DNA comes in contact with alcohol it becomes undissolved. This is called precipitation. The physical force of the DNA clumping together as it precipitates pulls more strands along with it as it rises into the alcohol.
Result:

Conclusion: Make sure you write usual conclusion using results. Then answer questions:
1. What can I do to increase my yield of DNA?
2. Why add salt? What is its purpose?
3. Why is cold water better than warm water for extracting DNA?
4. How is the cell wall of plant cells broken down?
5. How can we confirm the white, stringy stuff is DNA?

You can use a wooden stick or a straw to collect the DNA. If you want to save your DNA, you can transfer it to a small container filled with alcohol.

Smoking. 8th grade

Hey everyone. There is one thing. Not enjeyable, but still.
Materials for the lesson.
Quiz

LUNGS DISSECTION lab report.

Hey everyone. We do the lab with the 8^th graders. Enjoy!

Title: LUNGS dissection.

Purpose: to list and describe the principal structures of the mammalian LUNGS; to identify important parts of the LUNGS, to be able to explain LUNGS work.

Equipment: dissection pan, lungs, scalpel, scissors.

Background: The lungs are a pair of organs in the chest that are primarily responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air we breathe and the blood. The tracheobronchial tree is the passage way from the mouth to the interior of the lung. Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli deep in the lungs. Breathing air in (inhalation) requires muscular effort.

Procedure:

1. Describe the look, feel and colour of the lungs.
2. Identify the trachea and explore the texture of its wall.
3. Explore the tubes that enter the lungs and see how they divide.
4. If the heart is still attached, identify the main blood vessels leaving and entering the lungs. If not, try to identify large blood vessels anyway.
5. Identify any membrane surrounding the lungs.
6. Inflate the lungs (following your teacher’s instructions) and observe how they behave.
7. Cut a piece of lung tissue and observe the cut surface and how the tissue behaves when you drop it into water.

Result: We carried out all the stages of the lab work correctly.

While conducting part A …

In part B …

Conclusion:

1. What structure makes the windpipe(trachea) stay open, but able to bend?
2. Are the lungs hollow bags or spongy? What does the lung tissue look like where you cut into it? What happens when you put this tissue into water?
3. What are the lungs like when full of air? Do you have to squeeze them to push the air out again?
4. In a living organism, what body movements draw air into the lungs? 
5. In a living organism, what body movements force air from the lungs?

In part A … I think it was … It is also possible that the lungs …

In part B … I think it was the result of … Point proven.